Interleukin 10
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is an anti-Inflammatory Cytokine encoded by the IL10 gene.
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is an anti-Inflammatory Cytokine encoded by the IL10 gene. It is produced by several immune-cell populations, including regulatory T cells, monocytes and Macrophages, dendritic cells, and activated lymphocytes. IL-10 helps limit excessive immune activation and tissue injury by suppressing the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-α, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and by reducing inflammatory antigen-presentation and macrophage activation.
IL-10 signals through the interleukin-10 receptor, a receptor complex that activates Janus kinase and STAT3-dependent transcription. Through this pathway, IL-10 can restrain inflammatory responses, neuroinflammation, and cytokine-driven tissue damage. Its activity is closely related to the balance between proinflammatory mediators, including Interferon gamma, Interleukin-12 (IL-12), and Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and regulatory pathways involving Interleukin-4 (IL-4), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and regulatory T cell responses. IL-10 also intersects with processes involving oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and tissue repair. Because of these properties, IL-10 is studied as both a biomarker and a potential immunomodulatory target in injury, Cancer, cardiovascular disease, and biomaterial-associated inflammation.
Rebuilt from PubMed 18 Sept 2026 · no new papers today
Where the papers sit
10 papers study interleukin 10 directly. The themes below are drawn from those 10.
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Localized IL-10 Immunomodulation : IL-10 therapy is moving toward localized delivery through engineered MSCs, lipid nanoparticles carrying mRNA, and cytokine-producing cells. Recurring targets include macrophages, TNF, IL-6 and angiogenesis, with outcomes spanning bowel and pancreatic inflammation, tissue responses and neuroprotection. 5 papers · 50%
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Immune Biomarkers in Disease : Immune profiling is moving toward multi-omics signatures linking circulating cytokines, CTLA-4, PD-1 and VEGF with prognosis or diagnosis. RNA-based immune-cell analyses recur across melanoma, head and neck cancer and dilated cardiomyopathy, but therapeutic validation remains early. 3 papers · 30%
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Plant Compound Target Discovery : Network pharmacology and molecular docking are being used to connect plant compounds with inflammatory and cancer targets. TNF, immune-cell infiltration and binding affinity recur, while experimental verification seeks to turn Zanthoxylum and Panax notoginseng leads into wound-healing or hepatocellular-carcinoma therapies. 2 papers · 20%
Recent Findings on interleukin 10
A 2026 study investigated the contribution of skull bone marrow-derived neutrophils to recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in aged animals. The investigators identified a distinct neutrophil population expressing high levels of IL-10 and VEGF-α, with this population being functionally enriched in young TBI tissues. The reported findings associated these IL-10-positive, VEGF-α-positive neutrophils with neuroprotective effects in aged TBI, placing IL-10 within a cellular response that may influence neuroinflammation and tissue repair 42150286May.
A study in Science Advances examined localized immunomodulation using encapsulated cells engineered to produce cytokines. In a healthy rodent model, local production of IL-10 or Interleukin-12 (IL-12) prevented the foreign body response directed against alginate capsules 42555743Aug. This work contrasted the anti-inflammatory activity of IL-10 with the distinct immunological effects of IL-12 and investigated cytokine delivery as a method for controlling biomaterial-associated inflammation. The publication also concerned evaluation in a nonhuman-primate context, while the supplied result specifically reports prevention of the foreign body response in rodents.
In a network-pharmacology, molecular-docking, and bioinformatics study of phytochemicals from Zanthoxylum nitidum against hepatocellular carcinoma, IL10 was identified by machine learning as one of five characteristic genes, together with ESR1, CCNA2, CYP2B6, and CHRM2 42498300Jul. The study reported that ESR1 and CCNA2 were associated with patient prognosis. IL-10 was therefore included in a computational molecular profile of hepatocellular carcinoma, although the supplied publication context does not establish IL-10 as an independently validated prognostic marker or therapeutic mediator in that study.
A melanoma study developed an eight-gene signature comprising CD28, CD80, CD86, CTLA4, Fas, interferon gamma (IFNG), IL10, and IL12A 42216340May. The signature was associated with survival and incorporated genes involved in T-cell costimulation, immune checkpoint regulation, apoptosis, and cytokine Signaling. Within this framework, IL-10 represented an immunoregulatory component that could be interpreted alongside Interferon gamma and IL-12-related inflammatory activity; the supplied report describes a prognostic gene signature rather than a direct IL-10 treatment experiment.
A multi-omics investigation of dilated cardiomyopathy used differential gene expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and six machine-learning algorithms to identify eight core genes: AGTR2, GLI2, HRK, IL10, NQO1, NT5E, SFRP1, and STAT4 42151293May. These genes were used to construct a predictive model that was evaluated across five independent cohorts. The inclusion of IL10 placed anti-inflammatory Signaling alongside genes associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis, vascular and tissue-remodeling processes, and immune regulation. The reported study focused on computational and experimental validation of a predictive model; it did not, from the supplied context, demonstrate that IL-10-targeted treatment modifies dilated cardiomyopathy.
Written from 10 PubMed abstracts, each one cited by PMID above. Published: 2026-08-20. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.